Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea seed kernel

January 1, 2012

Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea seed kernel

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Title:	Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea seed kernel
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Article_Title:	Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea seed kernel
Authors:	*1S. Muhammad, 1L.G. Hassan, 1S.M. Dangoggo, 2S.W. Hassan, 1K.J. Umar and 2R.U. Aliyu
Affiliation:	Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract:	The seed kernel of Sclerocarya birrea was evaluated for its nutritional and antinutritional composition. The results show that the moisture, ash, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre, available carbohydrate and energy value were 10.47% weight wet, 4.67%, 30.97%, 58.88%, 2.51%, 2.97% and 665.67kcal/100g dry weight respectively. The result of minerals analysis showed that the kernel is a good source of both macro and micro elements with calcium as predominant. The kernel has a good source of some essential amino acids especially leucine and sulphur containing amino acids. The concentrations of hydrocyanic acid, nitrate, oxalate and phytate were lower than the reference toxic standard level. This new data suggests that the seed kernel of the fruit has adequate dietary nutrients and the antinutrients composition is within tolerable level.
Keywords:	Nutritional, antinutritional, Sclerocarya birrea, kernel
References:	Alan, W. (1996). Soil and the environment: An introduction, Cambridge University pres. Pp 49 – 80. Alerto, V. A. (1993). Allelo chemical in plant food and feeding stuffs I. Nutritional, biochemical and physiopatholgical aspects in animal production. Veterinary Human Toxicology. 35: 57-67. AOAC. (1990). Official methods of analysis, 14th edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. ATSDR. (1997). US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. TOXFAQS. Chadare, F. J., Linnemann, A. R., Hounhouigan, J. D., Nout, M.J.R and Van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (2009). Baobab Food Products: A Review on their Compositon and Nutritional Value. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 49: 254-274. Engelter, C and Wehmeyer, A. S. (1990). Fatty acids composition of oils of some edible seed of wild plants. Journal of Agriculture and Food Composition. 18: 25-26. FAO. (1988). Non timber uses of some selected arid zone trees and shrubs in Africa. Food and Agricultural Organization, conservation guide 19, Rome. Pp.333. Ganry, J. (2008). Promotion of fruits and vegetables in Countries of Sub-saharan Africa and the indian Oean. Fruits 63: 63 Glew, R. S., Vanderjagt, D. J., Huang, Y. S. and Chuang, L. T. (2004). Nutritional analysis of the edible pit of Sclerocarya birrea in the Republic of Niger (daniya, Hausa). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 17: 99-111. Hassan, L. G., Dangoggo, S. M., Hassan, S. W., Muhammad, S and Umar, K. J. (2010). Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea fruit juice. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 18(2): 222 – 228. Hassan, L. G., Dangoggo, S. M., Hassan, S. W., Muhammad, S and Umar, K. J. (2011). Serum biochemical response of rats fed with Sclerocarya birrea juice. African Journal of Food Science 5(4): 208 – 212. Hassan, L. G., Usman, B. B., Kamba, A. S and Hassan, S. W. (2009). Nutritional Composition of vegetable Spaghetti (Hasta la pasta) fruits. Nigeria Food Journal. 27(2): 41-49. Hassan, L.G. and Umar, K.J. (2004). Proximate and mineral composition of seeds and pulp of African locust bean ( Parkia biglobosa L.). Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 13: 15-27. Hassan, L.G., Muhammad, M.U., Umar, K.J. and Sokoto, A.M. (2008). Comparative Study on the Proximate and Mineral Contents of the Seeds and Pulp of Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa). Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 16(2): 174-177. Ighodalo, C. E. and Catherine, O. E. (1991). Studies on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of seeds of some wild plants. Plant Foods and Human Nutrition 41: 252-258. Isong, E. U., Adewus, S. A. B., N kanga, E. U., Umar, E. E. and Offiong, E. E. (1999). Nutritional evaluation of some legumes- based dishes consumed in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 49: 193-197. James, C. A. (1995). Analytical Chemistry of Food. Chapman and Hill, London. Kokwaro, J.O. and Gillett, J.B. (1980). Notes on the Anacardiaceae of East Africa. Kew Bull. 34(4): 756. Kokwaro, J.O. (1986). Flora of Tropical East Africa. A.A.Balkema, Rotterdam. C. Pp.206. Krishna, G. and Ranjhan, S.K. (1980). Laboratory Manual For Nutrition Research. Vikas publishing House. PVK. Ltd, Ghaziabad, U.P (India) pp.121-123. Usman, M.A. (2004). Chemical and Nutrient Analysis of Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Fruit and Seed Protein Solubility. Plant Food for Human Nutrition 52: 29-33. Marcelino, M., Samuel, C., Irma, L., Camacho, H., Antelmo, R and Francisco, D. (2005). Physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of the fruit of Zizyphus sonorensis. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 56(8): 587-596. Mitchikpe, E. C. S., Dossa, R. A. M., Ategbo, E. A. D., Vanraaij, J. M. A. Hulshof, P. J. M and Kok, F. J. (2008). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 21: 17-25 Ola, F.L and Oboh, G. (2000). Food value of two Nigerianedible Mushrooms(Termitomycetes stratus and Termitomycetes robustus). The Journal of Technoscience 4:1-3. Onibon, V.O., Abulude, F.O and Lawal, L.O. (2007). Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Composition of some Nigerian Fruits. Journal of Food Technology. 5(2): 120-122. Palgrave, K.C. (1988). Trees of Southern Africa, Struck publishers. Cape Town. Pp-335. Umar, K.J. (2005). Proximate analysis of seeds and pulp of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa). M.Sc. dissertation, School of Postgraduate Studies, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Umar, K.J. (2008). Nutritional Analyses of some wild leafy vegetables II. Proximate and amino acids composition I. A PhD seminar paper (unpublished). Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Vainio-Maltila, K. (2000). Wild vegetables used by Sambaa in the Usambara Mountains, NE Tanzania. Ann. Bot. Fennici 37: 57-98. Van-Burden, T.P. and Robinson, W.C. (1981). Formation of complexes between protein and tannic acid. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 1: 77. Wenkam, A. (1990). Utilization and processing of fruits. Macmillan press. London. 5: 388 – 398. World Health Organization (WHO) (2002). Evaluation of certain food additives. Technical report series 913 (Geneva: WHO) pp. 20-32.
Read_full_article:	pdf/21-2011/21-4-2011/SU21-4-2011-Muhammad.pdf
Correspondence:	E-Mail; surajomabera@gmail.com; GSM: +234(0)7064292915

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Article Title:	Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea seed kernel
Authors:	*1S. Muhammad, 1L.G. Hassan, 1S.M. Dangoggo, 2S.W. Hassan, 1K.J. Umar and 2R.U. Aliyu
Affiliation:	Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria Department of Biochemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
Abstract:	The seed kernel of Sclerocarya birrea was evaluated for its nutritional and antinutritional composition. The results show that the moisture, ash, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fibre, available carbohydrate and energy value were 10.47% weight wet, 4.67%, 30.97%, 58.88%, 2.51%, 2.97% and 665.67kcal/100g dry weight respectively. The result of minerals analysis showed that the kernel is a good source of both macro and micro elements with calcium as predominant. The kernel has a good source of some essential amino acids especially leucine and sulphur containing amino acids. The concentrations of hydrocyanic acid, nitrate, oxalate and phytate were lower than the reference toxic standard level. This new data suggests that the seed kernel of the fruit has adequate dietary nutrients and the antinutrients composition is within tolerable level.
Keywords:	Nutritional, antinutritional, Sclerocarya birrea, kernel
References:	Alan, W. (1996). Soil and the environment: An introduction, Cambridge University pres. Pp 49 – 80. Alerto, V. A. (1993). Allelo chemical in plant food and feeding stuffs I. Nutritional, biochemical and physiopatholgical aspects in animal production. Veterinary Human Toxicology. 35: 57-67. AOAC. (1990). Official methods of analysis, 14th edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington DC. ATSDR. (1997). US Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. TOXFAQS. Chadare, F. J., Linnemann, A. R., Hounhouigan, J. D., Nout, M.J.R and Van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (2009). Baobab Food Products: A Review on their Compositon and Nutritional Value. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 49: 254-274. Engelter, C and Wehmeyer, A. S. (1990). Fatty acids composition of oils of some edible seed of wild plants. Journal of Agriculture and Food Composition. 18: 25-26. FAO. (1988). Non timber uses of some selected arid zone trees and shrubs in Africa. Food and Agricultural Organization, conservation guide 19, Rome. Pp.333. Ganry, J. (2008). Promotion of fruits and vegetables in Countries of Sub-saharan Africa and the indian Oean. Fruits 63: 63 Glew, R. S., Vanderjagt, D. J., Huang, Y. S. and Chuang, L. T. (2004). Nutritional analysis of the edible pit of Sclerocarya birrea in the Republic of Niger (daniya, Hausa). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 17: 99-111. Hassan, L. G., Dangoggo, S. M., Hassan, S. W., Muhammad, S and Umar, K. J. (2010). Nutritional and antinutritional composition of Sclerocarya birrea fruit juice. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 18(2): 222 – 228. Hassan, L. G., Dangoggo, S. M., Hassan, S. W., Muhammad, S and Umar, K. J. (2011). Serum biochemical response of rats fed with Sclerocarya birrea juice. African Journal of Food Science 5(4): 208 – 212. Hassan, L. G., Usman, B. B., Kamba, A. S and Hassan, S. W. (2009). Nutritional Composition of vegetable Spaghetti (Hasta la pasta) fruits. Nigeria Food Journal. 27(2): 41-49. Hassan, L.G. and Umar, K.J. (2004). Proximate and mineral composition of seeds and pulp of Africanlocust bean ( Parkia biglobosa L.). Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 13: 15-27. Hassan, L.G., Muhammad, M.U., Umar, K.J. and Sokoto, A.M. (2008). Comparative Study on the Proximate and Mineral Contents of the Seeds and Pulp of Sugar Apple (Annona squamosa). Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 16(2): 174-177. Ighodalo, C. E. and Catherine, O. E. (1991). Studies on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties of seeds of some wild plants. Plant Foods and Human Nutrition 41: 252-258. Isong, E. U., Adewus, S. A. B., N kanga, E. U., Umar, E. E. and Offiong, E. E. (1999). Nutritional evaluation of some legumes- based dishes consumed in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 49: 193-197. James, C. A. (1995). Analytical Chemistry of Food. Chapman and Hill, London. Kokwaro, J.O. and Gillett, J.B. (1980). Notes on the Anacardiaceae of East Africa. Kew Bull. 34(4): 756. Kokwaro, J.O. (1986). Flora of Tropical East Africa. A.A.Balkema, Rotterdam. C. Pp.206. Krishna, G. and Ranjhan, S.K. (1980). Laboratory Manual For Nutrition Research. Vikas publishing House. PVK. Ltd, Ghaziabad, U.P (India) pp.121-123. Usman, M.A. (2004). Chemical and Nutrient Analysis of Baobab (Adansonia digitata) Fruit and Seed Protein Solubility. Plant Food for Human Nutrition 52: 29-33. Marcelino, M., Samuel, C., Irma, L., Camacho, H., Antelmo, R and Francisco, D. (2005). Physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of the fruit of Zizyphus sonorensis. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition. 56(8): 587-596. Mitchikpe, E. C. S., Dossa, R. A. M., Ategbo, E. A. D., Vanraaij, J. M. A. Hulshof, P. J. M and Kok, F. J.(2008). Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 21: 17-25 Ola, F.L and Oboh, G. (2000). Food value of two Nigerian edible Mushrooms(Termitomycetes stratus and Termitomycetes robustus). The Journal of Technoscience 4:1-3. Onibon, V.O., Abulude, F.O and Lawal, L.O. (2007). Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Composition of some Nigerian Fruits. Journal of Food Technology. 5(2): 120-122. Palgrave, K.C. (1988). Trees of Southern Africa, Struck publishers. Cape Town. Pp-335. Umar, K.J. (2005). Proximate analysis of seeds and pulp of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa). M.Sc. dissertation, School of Postgraduate Studies, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Umar, K.J. (2008). Nutritional Analyses of some wildleafy vegetables II. Proximate and amino acids composition I. A PhD seminar paper (unpublished). Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Vainio-Maltila, K. (2000). Wild vegetables used by Sambaa in the Usambara Mountains, NE Tanzania. Ann. Bot. Fennici 37: 57-98. Van-Burden, T.P. and Robinson, W.C. (1981). Formationof complexes between protein and tannic acid. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 1: 77. Wenkam, A. (1990). Utilization and processing of fruits. Macmillan press. London. 5: 388 – 398. World Health Organization (WHO) (2002). Evaluation of certain food additives. Technical report series 913 (Geneva: WHO) pp. 20-32.
*Correspondence:	E-Mail; surajomabera@gmail.com; GSM: +234(0)7064292915

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