Initiation of Opuntia fragilis var. fragilis in vitro cultures

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Article Title:	Initiation of Opuntia fragilis var. fragilis in vitro cultures
Authors:	Teodora Iuliana Vidican1, Dorina Cachita-Cosma2
Affiliation:	1 University of Oradea, Romania 2 Vasile Goldis Western University Arad, Romania
Abstract:	Opuntia is one of the most widespread and important cactus, primarily due to their edible fruit and vegetable mass used as feed. Moreover, species of genus Opuntia are used successfully in combating desertification of land at an arid climate. Demand for young plants of Opuntia made it necessary to find a rapid method of multiplication of the cactus, the safest method consisting in vitro micropropagation of species belonging to this genus. To establish a vitroculture of Opuntia fragilis var. fragilis from mother plants grown in greenhouses, we have taken explants from cladodes level who have been fragmented into segments of 1 / 1 cm, 0.5 cm thick, which were placed on agarized medium culture, with macro-elements and Murashige-Skoog (1962) FeEDTA, Heller (1953) microelements, by adding sucrose, vitamins, m-inositol and growth regulators or with 1 mg / l BA (bensiladenine), with 1mg / l AIB (β-indolilbutiric acid) or mixed – equal parts – between these growth hormones. Vitrocultures evolution was followed for 90 days. Explants reaction was different depending on the nature of growth regulators present in the medium culture. Finally, it appeared that, inocules of Opuntia fragilis var. fragilis showed a caulogenesis phenomenon in the medium BM-MS variant, with the addition of 1 mg/l BA and for risogenesis the variant medium culture MB-MS, with the addition of 1 mg/l AIB. Using a mixture of 1 mg/l BA with 1 mg/l AIB, has proved to be beneficial in the micropropagation of this species; calusogenesis has been not observed in any of the tested variants.
Keywords:	cactuses, vitrocultures
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*Correspondence:	Teodora Vidican, University of Oradea, Romania, E-mail: iuliateodora68@yahoo.com