The effect of criopreservation of cariopses upon the subsequent growth of the wheat, triticale and barley plantlets

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Article Title:	The effect of criopreservation of cariopses upon the subsequent growth of the wheat, triticale and barley plantlets
Authors:	Monica Şipoş, Dorina Cachiţă-Cosma
Affiliation:	¹ Departament of Biology, University of Oradea, Romania ² Departament of Biology, “Vasile Goldiş” Western University Arad, Romania
Abstract:	Our research has taken into study the growth in length – in the first 6 days of germination – of the vegetative organs (primary and adventitious roots, coleoptils and first leaves) of the wheat, triticale and barley plantlets, further to the cryopreservation of the caryopses in liquid nitrogen (-196ºC) on variable durations of time: 5 minutes, 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week or 1 month. Maintaining the wheat cariopses for 5 minutes in liquid nitrogen has determined significant inhibitions of the growth in length of the organs of plantlets resulted further to germination of the embryos of these grains and, implicitly, of the whole plantlet; the inhibitions were reflected in the 3-rd day from placing the wheat grain to germinate, of percentage values that exceeded -50% but until the 6-th day of germination, these were not relevant statistically, of approximately -25%. The embryos of the triticale and barley caryopses have proved to be less sensitive compared to those of wheat, the inhibitions registered along the 6 days of germination – the growth in length of the plantlets and their organs after exposing the cariopses for 5 minutes in liquid nitrogen – have been non-significant from a statistical point of view, placed around -20% or below this value. Among the five experimental variants regarding the duration of submersing the cariopses of wheat, triticale and barley in liquid nitrogen, the most affected was the growth of plantlets from germination of the embryos of cariopses exposed for 5 minutes at -196°C. After 1 hour, 1day, 1 week and 1 month exposure of wheat, triticale and barley cariopses in LN, inhibitions registered in growth in length of the vegetative organs of plantlets resulted further to germination of the embryos of these grains and, implicitly, of the whole plantlet have been nonsignificant statistical.
Keywords:	wheat, triticale, barley, cariopses, criopreservation, germination, plantlets growth
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*Correspondence:	Şipoş Monica, University of Oradea, Department of Biology, no.1 Universităţii St., Oradea, Romania, email: siposmonica@yahoo.com