Study of the chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc contents of soil and dominant plant species in the floodplain of Upper-Tisza area

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Article Title:	Study of the chromium, cadmium, copper, zinc contents of soil and dominant plant species in the floodplain of Upper-Tisza area
Authors:	Márta D. Tóth, Sándor Balázsy, Olga Terek, Ostap Patsula, Judit L. Halász, László Simon, József Koncz, Attila Anton
Affiliation:	College of Nyíregyháza, a Institute of Biology, b Department of Land Management and Rural Development, Nyíregyháza, c Agrar and Molecular Research Institute Ivan Franko National University, Faculty of Plant Physiology, L’viv Research Institute for Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest
Abstract:	As an effect of last decades’ metal contaminations, the critical ecological levels were reached in several spots of the floodplain of the Upper Tisza. The aims of our study were to investigate the relationship of soil-plant-metal content in dominant plant species and soils of Upper Tisza floodplain. The sampling sites were at Tiszabecs, Vásárosnamény, Dombrád, and Tokaj. Between 2007-2009 in soils of flood-basin 20.6-24.6 mg/kg Cr, 0.40-1.15 mg/kg Cd, 28.4-66.7 mg/kg Cu, and 89.7-180.3 mg/kg Zn was found. The soil cadmium concentration in Dombrád floodplain exceeded the limit value according to Hungarian 6/2009. (IV.14.) KvVM-EüMFVM regulation. The metal concentration range in roots of dominant plant species (Atremisia vulgaris L., Rubus caesius, Solidago canadensis) found in floodplains were 0.9-4.7 for Cr, 1.6-8.1 for Cd, 22.7-31.5 for Cu, and 106-186 for Zn in mg/kg. The leaves contained 0.7-3.9 Cr, 1.2-1.6 Cd, 0.6-42.8 Cu, and Zn 24.9-203.5 in mg/kg. It can be supposed that the metal excess found in soil originates from the water contamination of Tisza river. Soil contamination was reflected in the vegetation of floodplains.
Keywords:	soil, plant, metal contamination, floodplain, Upper Tisza
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*Correspondence:	Márta D. Tóth, College of Nyíregyháza, Institute of Biology, Str. Sóstói 31/B., H-4400, Nyíregyháza, Hungary, Tel: +36 06 42/599-400, Fax: +36 06 42/402-485, e-mail:dobrone@nyf.hu