Negative antropic effects threatening the biodiversity of the protected dendrological park of Sacueni-Bihor

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Article Title:	Negative antropic effects threatening the biodiversity of the protected dendrological park of Sacueni-Bihor
Authors:	Ákos-Sándor Wilhelm
Affiliation:	Town hall, Săcueni
Abstract:	Once again, it is Engelshoffer Sigismund, also known as Ponz the one who sets the foundations of the actual castle park, between 1750-1760. Later on, the territory is inherited by the Stubenbergs, and they enrich the flora with an orangery. The best gardeners and caretakers of the domain are brought from Germany, Silesia and Upper Moravia. After the Second World War the owner flees, the castle is being sacked, and for a long time languishes emptily. It is in this period, that the state of the park starts to deteriorate gradually. The territory once overgrown by trees diminishes, especially after 1948. It is beginning with this period, that the castle is used for educational purposes, and as a consequence, a part of the eastern territory of the park is being ripped off and transformed into 3 sports-grounds. Also, a restaurant is being established on the Western parts of the park, taking away yet another 0.6 Hektars (approx. 1.5 acres) from the flora. There has never been a complex guarding system to safe-keep the precious park, and the situation became even worse after the school ceased to function there. I did my first appraising in 2004, but, sadly, we have no other detailed description of the park from before that. I mannaged to identify 76 kinds of trees and scrubs. Since then, several big, precious and rare trees, like the Fagus silvatica ssp. atropurpurea, the Fraxinus excelsior var. pendula and the Gleditsia triacanthos have dissapeared, being stolen. The only Cercis siliquastrum is dying. The Dendrological Park has been declared conservation area, but because of a topographic missregistration, officially, the territory is still not being taken in custody by anybody.
Keywords:	foundation, decrease of territory, wood stoling, guarding, conservation area
References:	Bolliger/Erben/Grau/Heubl, Természetkalauz – Cserjék. Magyar Könyvklub, Budapest, 1998. Coombes A J, Fák. Határozó kézikönyvek sorozat Nánási Z, Székelyhíd történeti monográfiája. Europrint Nyomda, Nagyvárad, 2003. Gencsi L, Vancsura R, Dendrológia. Mezőgazda Kiadó, Budapest, 1992. Kremer BP, Természetkalauz – Fák. Magyar Könyvklub, Budapest, 1995. R.Várkonyi Ágnes, Kósa L., /ed./ Európa híres kertje, Történeti ökológia tanulmányok Magyarországról. Orpheusz könyvkiadó kft., Budapest, 1993. Şofletea N, Curtu L, Dendrologie, vol. I. Editura Pentru Viaţă, Braşov, 2000.
*Correspondence:	Ákos-Sándor Wilhelm, 417435 Săcueni, Pţa. Libertăţii 25/7, Tel.: +40-756-095758, email: wilhelm_akos@yahoo.com